There has been so much print and air time about Religions and the differences among them. I have downloaded several charts showing some of the differences between the many religions. Many Western religions (many with European and Eastern beginnings) have an assortment of sects that believe the basic premise of the root religion but have deviated due to their own perception of how they interpret the bible along with the overall teachings of the root group. This doesn’t mean that any of the many are more right or more wrong than the others. It does not mean that any of their “Bibles or Quran’s” are incorrect or correct. Keep in mind that all of these religious “guides” are thousands of years old and have been translated millions of time and perhaps altered due to translation and sometimes sect preference. After looking at the attached charts, it became clear to me that aside from personal interpretation most major and minor religions have at one time or another have been co-opted by the breakaway sect. So it appears that religions all have the same goal in general but have been used in the name of justice to murder, maim and oppress many. I have put below as a first line a brief history of Islam naming the two main sects along with a quote from the Quran.
Major sects and denominations Sunni and Shiite Twelvers – Majority Shi’ite denomination that reveres the Twelve Imams Seveners – Shi’ite denomination holding that the legitimate line of imams ended with the seventh Sufi is a mystical branch Sacred text.
“Righteous is he who believes in Allah and the Last Day and the Angels and the Scriptures and the Prophets.” — Quran 2:177
There is no official creed to which one must adhere to be considered a Muslim. All that is required is to believe and recite the Shahada: “There is no God but God, and Muhammad is his Prophet.” Beyond this core belief, however, Muslim doctrine is often summarized in “Six Articles of Faith.” Many Muslims believe that one must adhere to the six articles to be considered a Muslim.
The single most important belief in Islam, and arguably the central theme of Islam, is that there is only one God. The name of God is Allah, which is simply Arabic for “the (al) God (ilah).” The term is related to Elohim, the Hebrew word for God.
Comparison of Statistics and Basics
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Islam
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Judaism
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Christianity
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adherents called
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Muslims
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Jews
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Christians
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current adherents
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1.3 billion
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14 million
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2 billion
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current size rank
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2nd largest
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12th largest
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largest
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| major concentration |
Middle East, Southeast Asia
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Israel, Europe, USA
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Europe, North and South America, rapid growth in Africa
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| sacred text |
Qur’an (Koran)
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Bible
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Bible (Jewish Bible + New Testament)
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| other written authority |
Hadith
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Talmud, Midrash, Responsa
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church fathers, church councils, papal decrees (Catholic only)
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| religious law |
Sharia
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Halakhah
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Canon Law
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| clergy |
imams
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rabbis
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priests, ministers, pastors, bishops
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| house of worship |
mosque
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synagogue
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church, chapel, cathedral
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| main day of worship |
Friday
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Saturday
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Sunday
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| church and state |
integrated
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separate
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separate
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Comparison of Origins and History
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Islam
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Judaism
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Christianity
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date founded
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622 CE
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unknown
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c. 33 CE
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place founded
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Saudi Arabia
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Palestine
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founder
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Muhammad
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Moses or Abraham
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Jesus
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original language(s)
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Arabic
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Hebrew
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Aramaic, Greek
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early expansion
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within 12 years, entire Arabian peninsula; within 100 years, Muslim world stretched from the Atlantic to China
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little expansion; mostly confined to Palestine
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within 60 years, churches in major cities in Palestine, Turkey, Greece and Rome ( map); entire Roman Empire by end of 4th cent.
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major splits
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Shia/Sunni, c. 650 CE
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Reform/Orthodox, 1800s CE
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Catholic/Orthodox, 1054 CE; Catholic/Protestant, 1500s CE
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Comparison of Religious Beliefs
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Islam
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Judaism
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Christianity
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| type of theism |
strict monotheism
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strict monotheism
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Trinitarian monotheism
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ultimate reality
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one God
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one God
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one God
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names of God
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Allah (Arabic for God)
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Yahweh, Elohim
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Yahweh, the Holy Trinity
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| other spiritual beings |
angels, demons, jinn
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angels and demons
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angels and demons
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| revered humans |
prophets, imams (especially in Shia)
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prophets
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saints, church fathers
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| identity of Jesus |
true prophet of God, whose message has been corrupted
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false prophet
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Son of God, God incarnate, savior of the world
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| birth of Jesus |
virgin birth
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normal birth
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virgin birth
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| death of Jesus |
did not die, but ascended into heaven during crucifixion
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death by crucifixion
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death by crucifixion
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| resurrection of Jesus |
denied
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denied
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affirmed
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| second coming of Jesus |
affirmed
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denied
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affirmed
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| divine revelation |
through Muhammad, recorded in Qur’an
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through Prophets, recorded in Bible
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through Prophets and Jesus (as God Himself), recorded in Bible
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| view of sacred text |
inspired, literal word of God, inerrant in original languages
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views vary
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inspired, some believe inerrant in original languages
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| human nature |
equal ability to do good or evil
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two equal impulses, one good and one bad
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“original sin” inherited from Adam – tendency towards evil
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| means of salvation |
correct belief, good deeds, Five Pillars
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belief in God, good deeds
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correct belief, faith, good deeds, sacraments (some Protestants emphasize faith alone)
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| God’s role in salvation |
predestination
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divine revelation and forgiveness
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predestination, various forms of grace
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| good afterlife |
eternal paradise
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views vary: either heaven or no afterlife
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eternal heaven
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| bad afterlife |
eternal hell
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views vary: either eternal Gehenna, reincarnation, or no afterlife
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eternal hell, temporary purgatory (Catholicism)
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| view of fellow Abrahamic religions |
Jews and Christians are respected as “People of the Book,” but they have wrong beliefs and only partial revelation.
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Islam and Christianity are false interpretations and extensions of Judaism.
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Judaism is a true religion, but with incomplete revelation. Islam is a false religion.
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Hopefully these charts and the introduction will allow some of us to realize we are not so far apart religiously and can conceivably move forward to ease world tensions.
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